Bitewe nubwiyongere bwibisabwa kubantu ba kijyambere kugirango bagendere neza kandi bakemure umutekano, sisitemu yo guhagarika yigenga yagiye ikurwaho buhoro buhoro.Sisitemu yigenga ihagarikwa ikoreshwa cyane nabakora ibinyabiziga kubera ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukoraho ibiziga, kunoza cyane kugendana no kugendana umutekano, kugenda kubusa kubiziga byibumoso niburyo, ubwisanzure bunini hagati yipine nubutaka, hamwe no gufata neza imodoka.Sisitemu isanzwe yigenga yo guhagarika ifite sisitemu nyinshi zo guhagarika, sisitemu yo guhagarika MacPherson, sisitemu yo guhagarika amaboko, nibindi.
Kuki guhagarikwa bigomba gutangwa ukwe?Kuberako chassis yangirika cyane cyane ibyondo, amabuye nibindi mubuzima bwa buri munsi, cyane cyane muminsi yimvura, nyuma yigihe kinini cyo gutwara, ibyondo byometse kumpagarike.Abashya benshi batitayeho ntibita ku gutinda iyo bambutse umuvuduko mwinshi.Izi ngaruka ku guhagarikwa umwanya muremure ni nini cyane, kandi igihe nikigera bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kubuzima bwa serivise yimitsi, amasoko hamwe nimbere yimbere.Kubwibyo, birakenewe cyane gukomeza guhagarikwa ukwe.
Nigute nakomeza guhagarikwa kwanjye?
Nyuma yo gusimbuza feri, tugomba gusuzuma niba pederi ya feri igaruka mubisanzwe, kandi tukitondera kwirinda ko ikirenge cyanyerera munsi ya feri mugihe cyo gutwara buri munsi, kugirango tutagomba gukanda feri kugeza gupfa.Mubihe bisanzwe, imashini ikurura izashyuha mugihe ikora, niba idashyushye, imashini ikuramo amavuta.
Mu mikoreshereze ya buri munsi, witondere kureba niba ikinyabiziga kidahuye neza mugihe feri, uburyo feri ikora, nuburyo feri yo guhagarara (feri yintoki) ikora neza.Mugihe cyo gufata neza ibinyabiziga, sisitemu ya feri igomba kubanza gusuzuma amavuta ya feri, nko kumenya niba umuyoboro wa feri wacitse, niba amazi ya feri yatemba, nibindi. Pedal ya feri nayo nikintu cyo kwitondera.Iyo imodoka igenda, igihe cyose kinyeganyega hejuru no hasi, sisitemu yo guhagarika izakora ijwi "kanda", kandi ijwi rizakomera mugihe umuhanda utaringaniye, byerekana ko sisitemu yo guhagarika yananiwe, ishobora kwangirika icyuma gikurura cyangwa icyuma cya rubber cyacitse.Sisitemu ya feri Amazi ya feri ntashobora kuvangwa Kugeza ubu, imodoka nyinshi kumasoko zifite ibikoresho bibiri bya sisitemu yo gufata feri: feri ya serivise igenzurwa namaguru (feri) hamwe na feri ihagarikwa nintoki (feri yintoki).Niba amaboko ya reberi yangiritse cyane, agomba gusanwa agasimbuzwa hamwe na shitingi.Sisitemu yo guhagarika imashini igomba gushyuha mugihe ikora Sisitemu yo guhagarika ntabwo igira ingaruka gusa kumodoka (kugendana) yimodoka, ahubwo inagira ingaruka kumitungo nka passability, ituze hamwe nibikorwa bya adhesion.Biragaragara ko sisitemu yo guhagarika irimo imashini ikurura, amasoko, ibibari birwanya umuzingo, guhuza inkoni nibindi bice bya mashini.Iyo inguni, cyane cyane ihindagurika, umubiri urazunguruka cyane, byerekana kwangirika kwimitsi, utubari twa stabilisateur, cyangwa kuyobora ibice.
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Mugihe usimbuye amavuta ya feri, menya neza ko ukuramo amavuta yumwimerere ya feri, ntushobora kuvangwa, kandi amavuta ya feri ntashobora kuvangwa numwuka.Muri rusange, urwego rwo kwambara feri rufite byinshi bifitanye isano no gukoresha ingeso, feri ya feri yimodoka yohereza imashini ikoreshwa cyane kuruta ikiguzi cyo kohereza intoki, muri rusange ibirometero birenga 20.000 nyuma, igihe cyose ubikoze kubungabunga, ugomba kugenzura feri yamashanyarazi.Ibi birashobora kurinda neza sisitemu yo guhagarika.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-02-2022